Real estate diagnosis: energy performance diagnosis (EPD)
Verified 01 January 2026 - Public Service / Directorate of Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)
Measurements for energy performance diagnostics (EPD)
The law of 30 june 2025 to combat fraud involving public aid and 2 orders published on June 18, 2025 modify certain measures concerning the energy performance diagnosis (EPD):
- Each diagnosis will include a QR code to verify its validity on the website of theAdeme: titleContent
- The official directory of certified diagnosers will be redesigned to improve its reliability
- Each diagnostic certificate will include a QR code to verify that the professional is certified and listed in the official directory.
These measures are expected to enter into force in 2026.
Our page will be updated as these new provisions come into force.
In which case should an energy performance diagnosis (EPD) be carried out? The DPE provides information on the energy and climate performance of a dwelling or building. It must be carried out on the initiative of the landlord or owner-seller to inform the prospective tenant or purchaser about the energy costs of the dwelling and recommend work. We present you the information to know.
Rental
The EPD applies to all dwellings. However, dwellings intended to be occupied for less than 4 months per year and self-contained dwellings including floor area is less than 50 m² are not covered by the EPD. The same applies, in particular, to listed or inscribed historical monuments.
Warning
Since the 1er January 2025, it is no longer possible to rent a dwelling with a G-rated EPC (this also concerns the renewal of the lease or its tacit renewal).
From 2028, this will apply to Class F dwellings and, from 2034, class E dwellings.
It is up to the landlord to have the EPD carried out.
The DPE must be performed by a diagnoser who meets certain criteria, including certification.
This professional must have taken out insurance to cover the consequences of a liability commitment due to his interventions. Furthermore, it must not have any link that would undermine its impartiality and independence.
It is possible to use a tool to search for a certified diagnoser:
Find a Certified Real Estate Diagnoser
To perform the DPE, the diagnoser must comply with a specific method.
Please note
A landlord who uses an uncertified diagnoser may be fined €1,500 (€3,000 in case of recurrence). Similarly, the diagnoser may be fined €1,500 if he practices without certification (€3,000 in case of recurrence).
The EPD must at least contain the following information:
- Identification of the housing and its reference surface. This surface is the living space, to which are added the surfaces of heated verandas and heated rooms for the main use of human occupation, with a ceiling height of at least 1,80 meters. The entire reference surface of the housing is considered to be continuously heated during the heating period.
- Relevant characteristics of the dwelling (or part thereof) and description of its heating equipment, domestic hot water production, cooling, ventilation and, in certain types of buildings, integrated lighting of premises. Each category of equipment shall indicate the conditions of use and management affecting energy consumption.
- Indication of the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated for each category of equipment according to a conventional calculation method and evaluation of this annual consumption expenditure
- Assessment of the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated
- Information on renewable energy produced by permanently settled equipment used in housing (or part of it)
- Housing classification (label) Energy)or part thereof, as an application to a reference scale (ranging from A- Extremely efficient à G- extremely low performance) taking into account the climatic zone and the altitude, carried out according to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated in relation to the housing surface (or part thereof) for heating, cooling, domestic hot water production, lighting and heating, cooling, domestic hot water and ventilation auxiliaries
- Housing classification (label) Climate), or part thereof, at the application of a reference scale (ranging from A- low GHG emissions à G- very important emission) taking into account the climatic zone and altitude, based on the amount of greenhouse gas emissions reported on the surface of the dwelling (or part of it) for heating, cooling, domestic hot water production, lighting and heating, cooling, domestic hot water and ventilation auxiliaries
- Recommendations to improve the energy performance (e.g. window insulation) of the dwelling with an assessment of its cost and efficiency. These recommendations must not have the effect of increasing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions related to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated in the dwelling.
- Last report of the periodic inspection of the boiler or annual maintenance certificate
- Elements of appreciation on the capacity of the dwelling (or part thereof) to ensure thermal comfort in summer.
The DPE must state that the diagnoser has the necessary skills to carry out the diagnosis.
You can consult the detailed content in front must appear on the DPE.
FYI
The recommendations have only one indicative value. This is advice on the proper use of housing and its equipment.
The diagnoser is liable in the event of an erroneous EPD, unless the error is due to the fact that the landlord has voluntarily communicated false information about the accommodation or its equipment.
The tenant can appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the lease.
The price of the DPE is not regulated, so the rate can vary from one professional to another.
The landlord must integrate the EPD into the Technical Diagnostic File (DDT) and give it to the future tenant.
In addition, the diagnoser must transmit the results of the EPR to the Ecological Transition Agency (Ademe):
Transmission of a DPE or an energy audit to Ademe
The diagnoser may be fined €1,500 if it does not transmit these results to Ademe.
The Ademe then issues an identification number to the diagnoser, which will be entered on the DPE. Without this number, the DPE is not valid.
The diagnoser must forward this number to the landlord.
The landlord must provide the tenant with a dated EPD up to 10 years on the date of signature of the lease or on its renewal.
However, the ECDs that have been made between 1er January 2018 and June 30, 2021 are no longer valid since 1er January 2025. They must therefore be redone in case of rental.
The EPDs performed since 1er July 2021 are valid for 10 years.
Warning
Since the 1er July 2024, the thresholds of the EPD labels have been adapted for dwellings with a reference area of 40 m² or less. The owners concerned can download, on the Ademe website, a certificate replacing the initial label of the DPE by a new label.
Moreover, since the 1er January 2026, on energy conversion factor final primary energy of electricity is modified: it goes from 2.3 to 1.9. All EPS carried out from that date shall automatically incorporate the new coefficient. The EPDs carried out in 2025 and before remain valid, but they can be updated free of charge, without a new visit by the diagnoser, on the same website in case of improvement of the energy label:
The mandatory information differs according to the origin of the advertisement.
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Announcement in the print media
The rental announcement must mention the letters corresponding to the reference scales of the energy and climate classifications (from A- extremely efficient- to G- extremely inefficient). These references, respectively preceded by words energy class and climate class must be uppercase and at least equal in size to the characters in the ad text.
The advertisement must include the statement housing with excessive energy consumption if the accommodation is classified F or G.
The advertisement must also indicate the amount of the theoretical annual energy expenditure of the dwelling. This indication must be at least the same size as the characters in the ad text. It must be preceded by the mention Estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use and specify the base year of the energy prices used to establish this estimate.
If the advertisement contains false information, the tenant can appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the lease.
The landlord may be fined a maximum of €3,000 ( €15,000 if he's a legal person).
Advertisement posted on the premises of real estate professionals or published on the internet
The rental advertisement must legibly and in color mention the energy and climate rankings of the property on the reference scales (from A- Extremely efficient- to G- Extremely inefficient).
The advertisement must include the statement housing with excessive energy consumption if the accommodation is classified F or G.
The advertisement must also indicate the amount of the theoretical annual energy expenditure of the dwelling. This indication must be at least the same size as the characters in the ad text. It must be preceded by the mention Estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use and specify the base year of the energy prices used to establish this estimate.
If the advertisement contains false information, the tenant can appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the lease.
The landlord may be fined a maximum of €3,000 ( €15,000 if it is a legal person).
NoHowever, it may be useful to carry out work to facilitate the rental of housing.
Sale
The EPD applies to all dwellings. However, self-contained dwellings, including floor area is less than 50 m² are not covered by the EPD. The same applies, in particular, to listed or inscribed historical monuments.
In case of sale of a house or a building composed of several classified dwellings E, F, or G on the DPE and belonging to the same owner, it is necessary, in addition, to provide the future buyer with a energy audit at the time of the promise of sale or the signing of the deed of sale.
Please note
The DPE is also mandatory in the case of an off-plan purchase of housing, i.e. under construction. The EPD is based on an estimate of projected energy consumption. It must be initiated and paid by the contracting authority, and is valid 10 years. The contracting authority shall then hand over the result of the EPS to the purchaser no later than the day of delivery of his new home.
It is up to the owner-seller to have the DPE carried out.
The DPE must be performed by a diagnoser who meets certain criteria, including certification.
This professional must have taken out insurance to cover the consequences of a liability commitment due to his interventions. Furthermore, it must not have any link that would undermine its impartiality and independence.
It is possible to use a tool to search for a certified diagnoser:
Find a Certified Real Estate Diagnoser
To perform the DPE, the diagnoser must comply with a specific method.
Please note
Owner-seller who uses an uncertified diagnoser may be fined €1,500 (€3,000 in case of recurrence). Similarly, the diagnoser may be fined €1,500 if he practices without certification (€3,000 in case of recurrence).
The EPD must at least contain the following information:
- Identification of the housing and its reference surface. This surface is the living space, to which are added the surfaces of heated verandas and heated rooms for the main use of human occupation, with a ceiling height of at least 1,80 meters. The entire reference surface of the housing is considered to be continuously heated during the heating period.
- Relevant characteristics of the dwelling (or part thereof) and description of its heating equipment, domestic hot water production, cooling, ventilation and, in certain types of buildings, integrated lighting of premises. Each category of equipment shall indicate the conditions of use and management affecting energy consumption.
- Indication of the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated for each category of equipment according to a conventional calculation method and evaluation of this annual consumption expenditure
- Assessment of the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated
- Information on renewable energy produced by permanently settled equipment used in housing (or part of it)
- Housing classification (label) Energy)or part thereof, as an application to a reference scale (ranging from A- Extremely efficient à G- extremely low performance) taking into account the climatic zone and the altitude, carried out according to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated in relation to the housing surface (or part thereof) for heating, cooling, domestic hot water production, lighting and heating, cooling, domestic hot water and ventilation auxiliaries
- Housing classification (label) Climate), or part thereof, at the application of a reference scale (ranging from A- low GHG emissions à G- very important emission) taking into account the climatic zone and altitude, based on the amount of greenhouse gas emissions reported on the surface of the dwelling (or part of it) for heating, cooling, domestic hot water production, lighting and heating, cooling, domestic hot water and ventilation auxiliaries
- Recommendations to improve the energy performance (e.g. window insulation) of the dwelling with an assessment of its cost and efficiency. These recommendations must not have the effect of increasing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions related to the annual amount of energy consumed or estimated in the dwelling.
- Last report of the periodic inspection of the boiler or annual maintenance certificate
- Elements of appreciation on the capacity of the dwelling (or part thereof) to ensure thermal comfort in summer.
The DPE must state that the diagnoser has the necessary skills to carry out the diagnosis.
You can consult the detailed content in front must appear on the DPE.
FYI
The recommendations have only one indicative value. This is advice on the proper use of housing and its equipment.
The diagnoser is liable in the event of an incorrect EPD, unless the error is due to the fact that the seller has voluntarily communicated false information about the accommodation or its equipment.
The purchaser may appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the sale.
The price of the DPE is not regulated, so the rate can vary from one professional to another.
The seller must integrate the DPE into the Technical Diagnostic File (DDT) and give it to the future buyer.
In addition, the diagnoser must transmit the results of the EPR to the Ecological Transition Agency (Ademe):
Transmission of a DPE or an energy audit to Ademe
The diagnoser may be fined €1,500 if it does not transmit these results to Ademe.
The Ademe then issues an identification number to the diagnoser, which will be entered on the DPE. Without this number, the DPE is not valid.
The diagnoser must forward this number to the seller.
The seller must provide the purchaser with a dated EPD up to 10 years on the date of promise to sell or on the date the authentic instrument of sale.
However, the ECDs that have been made between 1er January 2018 and June 30, 2021 are no longer valid since 1er January 2025. They must therefore be redone in case of sale.
EPDs completed since 1er July 2021 are valid for 10 years.
Warning
Since the 1er July 2024, the thresholds of the EPD labels have been adapted for dwellings with a reference area of 40 m² or less. The owners concerned can download, on the Ademe website, a certificate replacing the initial label of the DPE by a new label.
Moreover, since the 1er January 2026, on energy conversion factor final primary energy of electricity is modified: it goes from 2.3 to 1.9. All EPS carried out from that date shall automatically incorporate the new coefficient. The EPDs carried out in 2025 and before remain valid, but they can be updated free of charge, without a new visit by the diagnoser, on the same website in case of improvement of the energy label:
The mandatory information differs according to the origin of the advertisement.
Répondez aux questions successives et les réponses s’afficheront automatiquement
Announcement in the print media
The advertisement of sale must mention the letters corresponding to the reference scales of the energy and climate classifications (from A- extremely efficient- to G- extremely inefficient). These references, respectively preceded by words energy class and climate class must be uppercase and at least equal in size to the characters in the ad text.
The advertisement must include the statement housing with excessive energy consumption if the accommodation is classified F or G.
The advertisement must also indicate the amount of the theoretical annual energy expenditure of the dwelling. This indication must be at least the same size as the characters in the ad text. It must be preceded by the mention Estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use and specify the base year of the energy prices used to establish this estimate.
If the advertisement contains false information, the purchaser may appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the sale.
The seller may be fined a maximum of €3,000 (or €15,000 if he's a legal person).
Advertisement posted on the premises of real estate professionals or published on the internet
The advertisement for the sale of the dwelling must clearly indicate in color the energy and climate rankings of the property on the reference scales (from A- extremely efficient- to G- extremely inefficient).
The advertisement must include the statement housing with excessive energy consumption if the accommodation is classified F or G.
The advertisement must also indicate the amount of the theoretical annual energy expenditure of the dwelling. This indication must be at least the same size as the characters in the ad text. It must be preceded by the mention Estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use and specify the base year of the energy prices used to establish this estimate.
If the advertisement contains false information, the purchaser can appeal to the court the location of the dwelling to request damages and interest or the cancelation of the sale.
The seller may be fined a maximum of €3,000 (€15,000 if he's a legal person).
NoHowever, it may be useful to carry out work to facilitate the sale of the dwelling.
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