Consumer credit: rules evolve to prevent over-indebtedness

The Order of 3 September 2025 transposes into french law the european directive (UE) 2023/2225 on credit agreements for consumers. It extends the scope of certain protective rules in order to preventing over-indebtedness.

The decree of 19 february 2026 strengthens the transparency of credit offers and information provided before subscription (total cost of credit, consequences of non-payment, possible remedies...).) It aims to make it easier for borrowers to compare offers.

The decree of 1 august 2026 strengthens the traceability of the solvency analysis and the support of borrowers in difficulty (orientation towards independent support services, facilitated digital approaches, the bank will have to be able to demonstrate how it has assessed the situation of the borrower). These measures aim to better protect the borrower throughout the credit.

The new rules of these three texts, applicable to consumer credit agreements, will come into force on November 20, 2026 in order to enable the professionals concerned to adapt their clauses and contracts.

Which consumer loans are concerned?

The new rules apply to several types of loans which have hitherto been partially or totally excluded:

• credits without any fees or interest, so-called ‘free credits’ (or with negligible fees);
• credits of less than €200, so-called « mini-credits »;
• short credits, less than 3 months with negligible fees (split or deferred payment);
• consumer credit from €75 000 to €100 000;
• Leases with an option to purchase (LOA).

Deferred debit cards will remain exempt from regulation.

What consumer protection measures?

Borrowing practices will be better regulated through various key measures.

Advertising more framed

• Any communication concerning a consumer credit transaction must be ‘clear, fair and not misleading’.
• It must include the words « Attention! A credit costs money and must be repaid! »
• Highlighting the ease of obtaining credit will be prohibited.

Simplification and transparency

• Formalities for short or small credits will be reduced, while ensuring transparency.
• The pre-contractual information provided by the lending institution will be more structured.

Analysis of the borrower's solvency

Financial institutions may consult, on an optional basis, the national reimbursement incident file to assess the creditworthiness of borrowers, even on small loans. They will be able to alert consumers in the event of financial difficulties.

Other protective provisions

• Free referral of clients in difficulty to advisory services for indebted persons.
• Extended withdrawal periods for borrowers in the event of non-compliance by the lender with its contractual information obligations.
• Preferential conditions in case of early repayment.