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Rent increase and revision during a residential lease (empty housing)
Verified 08 August 2025 - Directorate of Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)
The owner of an empty rented dwelling can increase the rent during the lease in only some cases. On the one hand, where the lease contains a clause providing for annual review rent. On the other hand, when he does work at his own expense, he can agree with the tenant of a exceptional surcharge for improvement work, or contribution to burden sharing for energy saving works. We explain.
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Annual Review
Warning
For a home subject to the 1948 law, or Contracted AnahHowever, the rules for reviewing the rent are specific. The rent of a furnished dwelling cannot be revised.
The owner (or real estate agency) of a dwelling put up for rent with a residential lease, can revise the rent once a year, if a clause of the lease provides for it. Without this clause, the rent cannot be revised.
Warning
Revising the rent is prohibited in the following cases:
- In metropolitan France, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 24 august 2022, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the EPD: titleContent),
- In Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 1er July 2024, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the EPD: titleContent).
The date of the IRL to be taken into account is the date indicated in the lease. This may be the annual end date of the lease or another date agreed between the owner (or real estate agency) and the tenant.
If the date of the IRL to be taken into account is not indicated in the lease, the date of the last IRL published by theInsee: titleContent at the time of signing the lease.
Warning
- If a rent supplement applies, the amount of the rent is equal to the total of basic rent and the rent supplement.
- For a furnished dwelling, if the expenses are to be paid at the flat rate, this amount can be revised each year according to the same rules as those of the rent revision.
- For a home governed by the 1948 law or Contracted Anah However, the rules for reviewing the rent are specific.
The Rent Benchmark Index (IRL) serves as the basis for calculating the rent revision. The annual rent increase is capped by the one-year evolution of the IRL.
To calculate the revision of the monthly rent amount, the landlord (or real estate agency) needs the following 3 elements:
- Current monthly rent amount
- IRL for the reference quarter (provided for in the lease or published by theInsee: titleContent at the time of signing the lease)
- IRL for the same quarter of the previous year.
The calculation consists of the following operation:
New rent = current rent x new IRL for the reference quarter of the lease / IRL for the same quarter of the previous year.
Example :
A lease signed in metropolitan France on July 20, 2024, and fixing the monthly rent at €600, may be revised on 20 July 2025.
The last index published on the date of signature of the lease is that of 2e quarter 2024, i.e 145.17.
The new index published on the revision date is that of 2e quarter 2025, i.e 146.68.
July 20, 2025, date of 1re revision of the rent, the new amount of the rent must be calculated as follows: €600 x 146.68 / 145.17 = €606.24.
FYI
The result of the calculation must be rounded to the nearest 2nd decimal place.
To do this calculation, you can use the following simulator:
The annual rent review can be done during the year following the date of the rent review.
The rent review does not apply retroactively, but only from the date of the application.
When the one-year period has elapsed, the unapplied revision is lost to the owner.
Example :
If the rent revision date is March 13, 2025, the landlord can revise the rent until March 12, 2026.
However, if the landlord does not request it until June 13, 2025, only rents collected from that date can be increased.
In the event of a calculation error, the tenant can dispute the increase set by his owner.
The amount of the dispute is decisive.
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Litigation less than or equal to €5,000
1. Formal notice (optional step)
If you can't talk to your tenant or landlord (or the real estate agency), you can send them a registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt.
The letter must describe the facts as accurately as possible.
You must attach documents to support your statement (legislation, copy of the lease, receipts...).
For example, if the landlord made a calculation error, the tenant can challenge the annual rent review using this type of mail:
Dispute the amount of a rent revision during the lease
2. Amicable approach (mandatory step)
If the dispute persists despite the formal notice, an amicable approach must be taken involving:
- Either the departmental conciliation commission (CDC) (free of charge),
- Either one conciliator of justice (free of charge),
- Either one civil ombudsman (paid approach).
This amicable approach is mandatory to be able to then refer the matter to the judge.
3. Bringing the matter before the judge
In the event of failure of the amicable approach, it is necessary refer the matter to the protection litigation judge the court on which the rented accommodation depends, within 3 years of the date of revision of the rent that poses a problem.
Litigation over €5,000
1. Formal notice (optional step)
If you can't talk to your tenant or landlord (or the real estate agency), you can send them a registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt.
The letter must describe the facts as accurately as possible.
You must attach documents to support your statement (legislation, copy of the lease, receipts...).
For example, if the landlord made a calculation error, the tenant can challenge the annual rent review using this type of mail:
Dispute the amount of a rent revision during the lease
2. Amicable approach (optional step)
If the dispute persists despite the formal notice, it may be useful to initiate an amicable approach by involving:
- Either the departmental conciliation commission (CDC) (free of charge),
- Either one conciliator of justice (free of charge),
- Either one civil ombudsman (paid approach).
3. Bringing the matter before the judge
We must refer the matter to the protection litigation judge the court on which the rented accommodation depends, within 3 years of the date of revision of the rent that poses a problem.
Exceptional mark-up
Warning
These rules do not apply to housing governed by the 1948 law or Contracted Anah, or furnished accommodation.
Exceptionally, the rent can be increased during the lease in case of improvement work made at the expense of the owner, in the dwelling or in the common parts of the building.
This may include work that includes:
- New equipment, service or quality that is superior to existing services (e.g. lift)
- A decrease in maintenance and operating costs (e.g. boiler meeting the latest standards),
- Greater security for goods and people (e.g. armored door, digicode)
The landlord and tenant agree on the amount of the rent increase resulting from this work:
- Either in accordance with a clause already present in the lease
- Either by the signature of a endorsement
Warning
Raising the rent is prohibited in the following cases:
- In metropolitan France, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 24 august 2022, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the EPD: titleContent)
- In Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 1er July 2024, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the EPD: titleContent).
Contribution to burden sharing
Where the owner makes at his own expense energy saving works in the accommodation or in the common areas of a building completed before 1990, it may collect from the tenant a contribution to the sharing of the cost savings.
This contribution is due from the completion of the work, subject to the following conditions:
- The landlord has agreed in advance with the tenant on the work to be done, how it will be carried out, the expected cost savings and the tenant's contribution to sharing the cost savings (in particular its duration).
- The work directly benefits the tenant.
- The landlord provides the tenant with cerfa form n°13968
- A set of works has been done in the dwelling, where the dwelling is now classified from A to E (classification indicated on the EPD: titleContent).
Contribution is prohibited in the following cases:
- In metropolitan France, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 24 august 2022, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on )
- In Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 1er July 2024, and it concerns a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on ).
The amount of contribution depends on the date of completion of the building and the work carried out:
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Completion between 1948 and 1989
The monthly contribution requested from the tenant can be:
- Be lump sum, fixed and non-revisable. Of an amount of €10 for a housing of a main room, of €15 for a housing of 2 or 3 main rooms, and €20 for a housing of 4 main rooms or more.
- Either fixed, non-revisable and calculated in 2 ways. But its amount cannot exceed half of the expected energy savings.
The contribution is only due for certain works.
Either work to achieve a minimum overall energy performance, by limiting the energy consumption of the building for heating, domestic hot water, cooling, lighting below a threshold. In this case, a design office must conduct a preliminary thermal study to determine the work to be done to achieve this minimum overall energy performance.
Either for carrying out at least 2 types of work following:
- Thermal insulation work on roofs,
- Thermal insulation work of the walls overlooking the outside,
- Thermal insulation work on the glass walls and doors to the outside,
- Works to regulate or replace efficient heating systems or domestic hot water production,
- Installation work of heating equipment using a renewable energy source,
- Installation work for domestic hot water production equipment using a renewable energy source.
Completion before 1948
The monthly contribution requested from the tenant is fixed and non-reviewable.
She's from €10 for a housing of a main room, €15 for a housing of 2 or 3 main rooms, and €20 for a housing of 4 main rooms or more.
The contribution is due only for the performance of at least 2 types of work:
- Thermal insulation work on roofs,
- Thermal insulation work of the walls overlooking the outside,
- Thermal insulation work on the glass walls and doors to the outside,
- Works to regulate or replace efficient heating systems or domestic hot water production,
- Installation work of heating equipment using a renewable energy source,
- Installation work for domestic hot water production equipment using a renewable energy source.
The contribution is due for a maximum of 15 years. If the tenant permanently leaves the dwelling, the landlord can collect the contribution of the new tenant on condition that he provides it, before signing the new lease:
- The justification for the work done and the continuation of the contribution,
- The end date of the contribution.
The contribution must appear on the rent receipt, by means of a line entitled Contribution to burden-sharing. The date of completion of the work, as well as the date of implementation and the end of payment of the contribution, must also be indicated.
Who can help me?
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Administrative information by phone - Allô Service Public
For more information on this subject, you can contact Allô Service Public.
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The informants who answer you belong to the ministry in charge of housing and city planning.
- Departmental Agency for Housing Information (Adil)
Annual review and one-off increase
Non-retroactive increase
Contribution to burden sharing
Document template
Simulator
FAQ
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National Agency for Housing Information (Anil)
Ministry for the Environment
National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE)