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Criminal Security Surveillance
Verified 04 April 2025 - Directorate for Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)
Is a convict being monitored after he is released from prison? The judiciary may place the convicted person under security supervision when he or she presents a high risk of recurrence. This surveillance may be decided following another criminal measure (example: judicial supervision). We present you with the information you need to know.
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Security surveillance is a judicial measure aimed at monitoring a person who has served a long prison sentence for committing a crime crime serious (e.g. murder, sexual offenses against minors).
The data subject is subject to obligations and remains under surveillance even after he's released from prison.
The aim is to ensure that the sentenced person no longer poses a risk to business, in particular by avoiding any act of recurrence.
In order to order a placement under security supervision, the competent court must find that the convicted person meets the conditions for that measure to be put in place.
There are 2 types of conditions.
Condition related to the offense committed
The type of crimes which may lead to placement under security supervision depends on the age of the person on whom the infringement was committed (major or minor victim).
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Crime committed on a major
The person must have been convicted of one of the following crimes:
- Rape aggravated (e.g. rape committed by several persons or accompanied by torture)
- Aggravated murder (for example, murder after rape)
- Assassination
- Torture and aggravated barbaric acts (for example, when the victim died as a result of his or her injuries)
- Aggravated kidnapping or forcible confinement (for example, kidnapping by organized band).
FYI
This measure can also be put in place when murder, torture and barbarism, rape, kidnapping or forcible confinement have been committed in recurrence.
Crime against a minor
The person must have been convicted of one of the following crimes:
- Rape
- Murder or murder
- Torture and barbaric acts
- Kidnapping or sequestration.
Condition related to the previous criminal measure
In order for security surveillance to be considered, the convicted person must have already been subject to one of the following measures:
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Security Retention
Security monitoring can be used as a replacement for security retention which has been terminated by decision of the regional security detention court.
Security surveillance shall be considered only if the convicted person still presents a risk of committing one of the infringements which justified the imposition of a security detention (e.g. murder, torture and barbarism).
Socio-judicial monitoring
Security monitoring can be used as a replacement for a social and judicial follow-up which has ended due to the passage of time.
For this measure to be considered, several conditions must be met:
- The convict always presents a very high risk (risk of recurrence most likely)
- The convicted person committed a crime punishable by at least 15 years of criminal imprisonment
- The registration of the convicted person in the Finnish is insufficient
- Security surveillance is the only way to prevent the commission of a new infringement similar to the one for which the person was convicted.
Judicial oversight
Security surveillance may be put in place following a judicial supervision which has ended due to the passage of time.
Safety oversight may be considered if all of the following conditions are met:
- The convict always presents a very high risk (risk of recurrence most likely)
- The convicted person committed a crime punishable by at least 15 years of criminal imprisonment, for which a sentence of social and judicial follow-up is planned
- The registration of the convicted person in the file of perpetrators of sexual or violent offenses (Fijais) is insufficient
- Security surveillance is the only way to prevent the commission of a new infringement similar to the one for which the person was convicted
- A medical expert has previously established that the maintenance of the treatment order is indispensable.
Parole
Security surveillance may be considered as an alternative to parole with a injunction for treatment.
Safety oversight may be considered if all of the following conditions are met:
- The convicted person is still very dangerous (risk of recurrence most likely)
- This person was sentenced to death life imprisonment
- The registration of the convicted person in the Finnish is insufficient
- Security surveillance is the only way to prevent the commission of a new infringement similar to the one for which the person was convicted
- A medical expert has previously established that the maintenance of the treatment order is indispensable.
Placement under security supervision shall be decided by the Regional Security Detention Court (JRSS).
That court shall take up the case directly if it has already ruled on a previous measure security retention.
In other cases, it shall be seized by the sentencing application judge or the public prosecutor, 6 months before the end of the previous measure (social and judicial follow-up, etc.).
The Regional Security Detention Jurisdiction shall issue a reasoned decision after hearing the representative of the Parquet Floor, the convicted person and his or her lawyer during a adversarial debate.
It must also be based on:
- The medical assessment previously carried out and which establishes that the person concerned is still dangerous
- The opinion of the Multidisciplinary Committee on Security Measures.
Please note
If the convicted person does not have sufficient financial resources to call on a lawyer, he or she may to apply for legal aid.
Following the hearing, the decision of the JRRS is notified to the data subject.
This decision may be subject to appeal.
FYI
The same procedure shall apply where the renewal of security supervision is envisaged.
Follow-up of the person under security supervision
The person under security supervision shall be monitored and controlled by a penitentiary service for insertion and probation, under the responsibility of the Jap.
FYI
It may also be entered in the FIJESE: titleContent. This file makes it possible in particular to follow the authors of crimes or offenses and to avoid the recurrence of such infringements.
Obligations of the person under security supervision
In most cases, the person under security supervision is subject to injunction for treatment and placement under an electronic bracelet.
It may also be subject to the following obligations and prohibitions:
- Obligation to respond to summonses from the Jap and the penitentiary service for insertion and probation
- Obligation to choose a specific domicile
- Obligation to declare changes of employment and domicile
- House arrest
- Prohibition on appearing in certain places (e.g. in front of a school)
- Prohibition of association with certain persons (e.g. victim or accomplice)
- Prohibition of exercising an activity involving regular contact with minors.
Those obligations may be relaxed or strengthened in the light of changing circumstances in which security oversight takes place.
These changes are made by ordinance the President of the Regional Security Detention Court.
Such a decision may be appealed under the same conditions as for challenging a decision to place a person under security supervision.
Where the person under security supervision fails to comply with the obligations and prohibitions normally imposed on him, the Regional Security Detention Court (JRSS) may place him under security retention.
This penalty is applicable only if the following 2 conditions are met:
- The person again presents a particular danger, which is reflected in a very high probability of recurrence
- Increased security oversight obligations are insufficient to prevent the commission of a new infringement.
The JRRS may detain the person in custody after obtaining the favorable opinion of the Multidisciplinary Security Measures Commission.
Legal duration of security supervision
Placement under security supervision is pronounced for a period of 2 years.
Please note
This measure may be suspended if the convicted person is again detained (e.g. in the case of a new infringement).
The Regional Security Detention Court may order the renewal of that measure, for the same period, if the risks of repeated infringement persist.
Possibility of terminating the measure before the date originally foreseen
If the person concerned considers that the conditions of application of the measure are no longer justified, he may request that the measure be terminated.
This request may be made after a period of 3 months from the date of the decision ordering it.
It must be carried out by request lodged with the geographically competent Regional Security Detention Court (JRSS) or transmitted by letter RAR: titleContent.
If the JRRS does not reply within 3 months, the measure shall automatically be terminated.
If the application is rejected, no further application may be submitted before the expiry of a period of 3 months.
The decision to place a person under security custody may be challenged by the convicted person before the national court of detention.
This jurisdiction is subject to the Court of Cassation.
Who shall I contact
The convict must appeal of the JRRS decision within 10 free days from notification of the decision.
The appeal shall not be suspensive: the security surveillance measure may apply.
The decision of the JNRS: titleContent may be subject to appeal in cassation within 5 clear days of notification.
Who can help me?
Find who can answer your questions in your region
To get help in proceedings before the JRRS or the Paris Tap
LawyerFor information on the specific obligations and prohibitions of these measures
Penitentiary Service for Insertion and Probation (Spip)
Rules applicable to security supervision
Post-Parole Safety Oversight
Procedure for placing under security supervision
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